Journal of Veterinary Science & Medicine

Case Report

Case Report: Hypocobalaminemia and Coat Discoloration in A Dog

Mik M De* and Corbee RJ

Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
*Address for correspondence: Mik M De, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands, E-mail Id:m.demik@uu.nl
Submission:01 March, 2024 Accepted:10 April, 2024 Published:15 April, 2024
Copyright:© 2024 De MM, et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Keywords: Canine; Cobalamin; Vitamin B12 Deficiency; Coat Discoloration; Hair Depigmentation; Chronic Diarrhoea

Abstract

Hypocobalaminemia is a common complication in case of chronic diarrhoea in dogs. Reduced cobalamin (vitamin B12) causes diarrhoea, creating a viscous circle. A 10-year-old male intact Frisian pointing dog (18.9 kg; BCS 4/9) was presented to the primary care veterinarian diarrhoea. After 6 months of chronic diarrhoea with symptomatic treatments, lab analysis showed a reduction of cobalamin (145 pmol/L; reference 173- 599) and folic acid (18.5 nmol/L; reference 21.1-54.0). Consistent with hypocobalaminemia, a nonregenerative anaemia was found. Treatment consisted of weekly injections of 1 mg vitamin B12 (for 6 weeks) and the months of supplementation per os. Six months after the treatment, the discoloration was resolved. The mechanism of coat discoloration due to hypocobalaminemia is unclear, but multiple cases in humans are known. Vitamin B12 is supposed to influence melanin to impact the coat colour. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first case in dogs of hypocobalaminemia resulting in coat discoloration.