Due to high incidence of kidney failure and ESRD cases, the need for better and more effective treatments increases to increase life span of patients and their quality of life. One of the useful treatment methods in patients with severe renal failure is kidney transplantation, which is performed in two ways: transplantation from a living donor and transplantation from a cadaveric donor. Considering that almost most patients with kidney failure who are candidates for kidney transplant surgery are young or middle-aged, one of the most important factors affecting their satisfaction with the course of treatment and quality of life is sexual ability and performance. All the patients who underwent kidney transplant from living donor or cadaveric donor from 5/22/2015to 5/22/2015in Sina Hospital constituted the statistical population of this study. Sampling in this study is simple sampling and the method used to collect the required data and information is questionnaire. Independent variables investigated in this study, which are related to kidney transplant as well as various parameters of sexual performance of the patients, were collected and recorded separately according to the approved model of IIEF-15 questionnaire in Iran for male patients. The data was statistically analyzed by SPSS software, version 16. Frequency and frequency percentage are used to describe the qualitative data, and mean and standard deviation are used to describe the quantitative data collected. Qualitative variables were analyzed using chi-square test and quantitative variables were analyzed using t-test. Based on the results obtained, sexual function of patients improved after transplantation from a living donor in both groups. Although in the comparison between the two groups, cadaveric donor patients show better conditions than living donor patients at all times in factors related to sexual performance, the difference between the two groups is not statistically significant in terms of variables related to sexual performance, except for desire.