Journal of Veterinary Science & Medicine
Review Article
Review on Triclabendazole Resistance in Fasciola
Warkaw Merachew1 and Tewodros Alemneh2*
1School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
2Woreta City Office of Agriculture and Environmental Protection, South Gondar Zone, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia
*Address for correspondence: Alemeneh T, Expert Veterinarian at Woreta City Office of Agriculture and Environmental Protection, South Gondar Zone, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia, Tel: 251 9 20 49 98 20; Email: tedyshow@gmail.com
Submission: 05-August, 2020;
Accepted: 21-September, 2020;
Published: 25-September, 2020
Copyright: © 2020 Merachew W et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
The control of Fasciolosis can be achieved by application of
anthelmintic drugs, elimination of the number of intermediate hosts
and reduction of exposure to infection. Triclabendazole, which is
a member of Benzimidazole, is most recommended and effective
way of controlling fasciolosis in animals and humans that can kill
both mature (adult) and immature liver flukes. This drug have able
to penetrate the tegument of Fasciola (F) hepatica by diffusion,
and the fluke is able to sulfoxidate the drug to the active sulfoxide
metabolite which binds to β-tubulin and thus inhibit the formation of
microtubules that are components of cytoskeleton of the parasite.
However, in recent year, resistance of Triclabendazole is reported in
animals and humans in different regions of the world. Resistance has
likely appeared due to a generally poor understanding of liver fluke
biology by farmers and con-founding factors, such as incorrect dosing,
inappropriate product choice, and lack of testing for efficacy. These
conditions may lead to reduced diffusion and metabolism of the drug,
change efflux pump activity and changes in the target molecule that
can reduce the effectiveness of Triclabendazole. Both in-vivo and
in-vitro methods, like Faecal Egg Count Reduction Test (FECRT) and
the Egg Hatch Assay (EHA), respectively, can help to investigate the
resistance of Triclabendazole. Administration of dual active flukicide
drugs, development of vaccines, implementation of Fasciola control
methods other than Triclabendazole, and use of accurate dosage at
appropriate time can help to reduce the incidence of Triclabendazole
resistance.