International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology

Research Article

The Rate and Outcome of Sinonasal Disease in Children with Primary Immunodeficiency; Tertiary Hospital Experience

Almalki M1*, Alsaab F2, Fayhan Alroqi3, Shaheen N4 and Alhumaid S1

1Resident Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Department King Abdulaziz Medical City
2Deputy Chairman of Pediatric Surgery Department Consultant Pediatric Otolaryngology, Davison of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC)
3King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGH), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
4Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC)
*Address for Correspondence: Almalki M, Resident Otolaryngology, Head and Neck surgery, Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Saudi Arabia E-mail: almalkiamalak@gmail.com
Submission: 13 October, 2023 Accepted: 14 November, 2023 Published: 20 November, 2023
Copyright: © 2023 Almalki M, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the rate, characteristics and outcome of sinonasal disease (SD) among primary immune compromised (PID) pediatric patients.
Methods: Cross-sectional retrospective study. All pediatric patients with primary immunodeficiency aged 18 years or less of both genders, had otorhinolaryngology (ORL) encounter or sinus CT at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh between January 2015 and December 2020 were included.
Results: 123 pediatric patients diagnosed with PID between 2015 and 2020. 9 patients were diagnosed with sinonasal disease. Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis is the most common type of SD (66.66%). No significant association was found between having SD and bone marrow transplantation (P=0.424). Sinus CT Lund Mackay score was significantly higher in SD (p = 0.005). Endoscopic sinus surgery was carried in 44.44% of patients. 90% were alive and stable by the end of the study.
Conclusion: In conclusion, sinonasal disease constitute major risk of morbidity as well as for mortality in immunocompromised patients. Thus, early detection with high threshold of suspicion should be considered in this critical population.